The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is inviting research proposals for the funding opportunity titled "Understanding Mechanisms and Outcomes of Trained Immunity (R21 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)." This initiative aims to enhance the understanding of trained immunity, focusing on innate immune memory and its implications for immune system development, vaccine responses, and allergic or autoimmune conditions. The program seeks to identify novel biomarkers and elucidate the mechanisms behind trained immunity, with a maximum funding amount of $275,000 available over a two-year grant period. Applications are due starting June 16, 2024, and must adhere to strict application guidelines, with no clinical trials permitted. For further inquiries, applicants can contact NIH Grants Information at grantsinfo@nih.gov or visit the additional information link at https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-24-111.html.