The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has issued a funding opportunity titled "High Priority HIV and Substance Use Research (RM1 Clinical Trial Optional)" aimed at supporting research at the intersection of HIV and substance use disorders. The initiative invites interdisciplinary research teams of three to six principal investigators (PD/PIs) to tackle challenging research questions that could lead to new preventive measures, treatments, and potential cures for HIV among individuals who use addictive substances. The initiative emphasizes the need for a collaborative approach and requires applicants to submit a Plan for Enhancing Diverse Perspectives (PEDP) to ensure inclusivity in research. Funding includes up to $3 million for projects over five years, with individual award budgets not exceeding $1.5 million per year. Applications must adhere to strict submission guidelines and deadlines, with a letter of intent recommended 30 days prior to the application due date. The research projects should focus on integrating diverse scientific methodologies and transformative goals that significantly advance the field of HIV research. Non-responsive applications will be withdrawn, reinforcing the emphasis on aligning with NIH and NIDA priorities. The program seeks to build innovative research capabilities to address critical health disparities related to HIV among substance users.