The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has announced a funding opportunity titled "Co-infection and Cancer (R21 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)" aimed at advancing research on the relationship between co-infections and cancer. This initiative seeks to enhance mechanistic and epidemiologic investigations into the roles of co-infections—defined as the presence of two or more infectious agents—particularly those involving known oncogenic agents, excluding HIV. The R21 grant supports exploratory research with a budget ceiling of $275,000 over a two-year period, with applications due quarterly, and the final deadline set for November 16, 2025. Interested applicants can find more information and submit inquiries via email at grantsinfo@nih.gov or visit the official announcement at https://grants.nih.gov/grants/guide/pa-files/PAR-23-056.html.