The Department of Health and Human Services, through the National Institutes of Health (NIH), has announced a funding opportunity titled "Novel Mechanism Research on Neuropsychiatric Symptoms (NPS) in Alzheimer's Dementia." This initiative aims to support studies that improve understanding of mechanisms associated with NPS in individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) or Alzheimer's disease-related dementias (ADRD). It encourages innovative applications exploring both neurobiological and behavioral pathways, potentially leading to novel therapeutic approaches. The R21 exploratory/developmental grant mechanism is highlighted, suitable for high-risk projects without preliminary data, while R01 grants are better for longer-term projects with previous findings. Key dates include an application acceptance period starting September 16, 2023, with an expiration date of September 8, 2026. Eligible organizations encompass diverse educational institutions, non-profit entities, and governmental agencies. Applications should adhere strictly to NIH guidelines for formatting and submission, involve multi-level analysis of NPS, and align with the NIH's objectives in developing interventions targeting such neuropsychiatric challenges. Investigators are also expected to share findings through NIH-designated data repositories, enhancing transparency and collaborative research efforts in Alzheimer's research. Overall, this funding opportunity seeks to unlock mechanistic insights critically needed for advancing treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia.