The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is offering a funding opportunity titled "Enhancing Mechanistic Research on Precision Probiotic Therapies (R61/R33 Clinical Trial Optional)" aimed at supporting innovative mechanistic research to develop precision probiotic interventions. This initiative utilizes a biphasic award mechanism, comprising an R61 phase focused on identifying host biological patterns that correlate with probiotic responses, followed by an R33 phase that builds on these findings through rigorous mechanistic studies. The program emphasizes the importance of understanding variations in probiotic efficacy among individuals, influenced by factors such as genetics and microbiome composition, and requires applicants to include a Plan for Enhancing Diverse Perspectives (PEDP). Interested applicants should note that the application deadline is September 1, 2024, with a project period not exceeding five years. For further inquiries, contact NIH Grants Information at grantsinfo@nih.gov.