The National Institutes of Health (NIH) has announced a funding opportunity titled "Mechanistic and Hemodynamic Basis of Diffuse White Matter Disease in Vascular Contributions to Cognitive Impairment and Dementia (VCID) (R01 - Clinical Trial Not Allowed)." This initiative aims to support hypothesis-driven research that explores the biological mechanisms underlying diffuse white matter disease and its role in cognitive decline and dementia, with a focus on molecular, cellular, and hemodynamic aspects. Given the high prevalence of diffuse white matter disease in the elderly and its association with cognitive impairment, this research is critical for understanding its etiology and progression, ultimately informing future interventions. NIH intends to allocate up to $3 million to fund up to four awards, with each application capped at $500,000 in direct costs per year over a maximum of five years. Applications are due by October 5, 2024, and interested parties can contact NIH Grants Information at grantsinfo@nih.gov for further inquiries.