The National Institutes of Health (NIH), through the National Cancer Institute (NCI), has issued a funding opportunity for R01 grant applications focusing on the integration of imaging and fluid-based tumor monitoring in cancer therapy. This initiative intends to enhance study designs that incorporate imaging and liquid biopsy assays to evaluate treatment response and resistance emergence in cancer patients. The key goal is to develop a synergistic approach that improves the precision of treatment monitoring by comparing the efficacy of these modalities across various cancer types. Applications are open from January 5, 2025, with a variety of submission dates extending until January 8, 2028. Eligible applicants include universities, for-profit organizations, nonprofits, and various levels of government. The maximum budget per project is limited to $500,000 in direct costs per year, with a project length of up to five years. The review criteria will evaluate scientific significance, innovative approaches, feasibility, investigator qualifications, and resource availability, aiming to promote collaboration among imaging experts, fluid-based assay developers, and clinical scientists. This funding opportunity represents a targeted effort to advance precision medicine in cancer treatment through improved diagnostic techniques and patient monitoring strategies.