The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is inviting applications for the R01 Clinical Trial Optional grant titled "The Intersection of Sex and Gender Influences on Health and Disease." This funding opportunity aims to enhance understanding of how sex and gender differences impact health outcomes, particularly through research that examines these factors in relation to disease prevention, treatment outcomes, and health disparities among underrepresented populations. The initiative is part of a broader effort to address critical gaps in biomedical research and clinical practice, with a total funding allocation of approximately $3 million and individual awards capped at $350,000 per year for a maximum of four years. Interested applicants must submit their proposals by November 22, 2024, and can direct inquiries to NIH Grants Information at grantsinfo@nih.gov.