The National Institutes of Health (NIH) plans to publish a Notice of Funding Opportunity (NOFO) for High-Priority Research in Tobacco Regulatory Science, inviting R01 research applications that focus on biomedical and behavioral research to inform tobacco product regulation. This initiative aims to generate scientific data that will enhance public health protections related to tobacco use, with a particular emphasis on fostering diverse perspectives through a simplified peer review framework. The total estimated funding for this program is $4 million, with an award ceiling of $500,000 for each of the anticipated five awards, and the NOFO is expected to be published in Winter 2024, with applications due in Summer 2025. Interested applicants should prepare to submit new applications, as only new proposals will be considered, and further details will be available upon the official release of the NOFO.