The Department of Health and Human Services, through the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), announces a limited competition for the renewal of existing clinical trial cooperative agreements (U01). This funding opportunity aims to support ongoing extramural research focused on various aspects of neurological disorders, necessitating additional time and resources to complete clinical trials. Key dates include the opening of application submissions on February 5, 2025, with deadlines for applications throughout 2025. Eligible organizations include federal entities, independent school districts, and tribal organizations, among others. The application process requires adherence to specific guidelines and registrations, including SAM and eRA Commons. Notably, applicants must focus solely on renewing original proposals, as introducing new aims will disqualify their submissions. The funding is also contingent upon the merit of applications received, which will follow a structured review process assessing the significance, innovation, approach, and expertise of the proposed studies. Overall, this NOFO emphasizes collaboration and shared responsibility between NIH and cooperative award recipients to achieve impactful advancements in neurological research while adhering to rigorous ethical and administrative standards.