The Department of Health and Human Services' funding opportunity aims to enhance maternal and pediatric pharmacology through the R21 Exploratory/Developmental Research Grant. It supports research in three main areas: advancing precision medicine for pregnant individuals and children, understanding drug action mechanisms during pregnancy and lactation, and developing safer therapeutics for these populations. The initiative is spearheaded by the National Institutes of Health, with participation from specific institutes focusing on child health, allergy, and drug abuse. Key objectives include creating innovative tools and methodologies for clinical impact, as well as fostering research into pharmacokinetics to develop safer drug applications. The grant is open for applications until May 2026, offering up to $275,000 in direct costs over two years. Eligible applicants include various educational and research institutions, with an emphasis on interdisciplinary collaboration. The announcement highlights the need for adherence to rigorous application instructions and encourages the sharing of research findings to expand scientific knowledge and improve healthcare outcomes for these underrepresented populations.